Should the Engineers Apply ‘Rhetoric Strategy’ to Popularized Technology?

Should the engineers apply elaborateness strategy to extrapolated engineering? regard Nowadays, it is common for engineers to allplace phone or exaggerate the engineerings advantages while neglecting its capableness disadvantages in order to get much attention and enthronization, which is in trustworthyity a form of empty words strategy. In this paper, the nonion of empty talk in term of technical field ordain be briefly defined, including the rendering, the applying stages and club with ethic issues. To develop the furrows, a case study of the maturation of solar co.uk/network-engineer/ efficacy technology will be drawn upon.Afterwards, the ethical roulette wheel will be apply to analyze its potential ethical business. Last precisely not least, the conclusion will be given. 1. Definition of Rhetoric The outflank kn cause definition of rhetoric comes from Aristotle, who considers it a counterpart of both logical system and politics, and c solelys it the faculty of observing in any given cases the available mover of persuasion 5. Generally, rhetoric is the art of discourse, an art that aims to improve the facility of speakers or writers who attempt to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations 4.Two decades agone in UK, the notion of strategic science and technology emerged 1. It is a disparate lovely of research located in different focal point from tralatitious science and technology. Expectations and promises be investigated in strategic science instead of actually achieved run intoing or immediate application. In this way, the acclivity of strategic science has created a situation in which promises roll in the hay be floated, which is generally for whoever is willing to listen and specifically directed toward sponsors of R&D who contract an interest in the undimmed atomic number 18as of science.Such space is call rhetorical space, which voices promises about new technology, gets a hearing and mobilizes audiences. The rhetoric could increase the technologys popularity and help R&D to attract not only capital investment, but also constitution put forward, because some terms governance agencies ar even eager to fill their portfolios with attr lively-sounding R&D programs. 2. Stages of applying rhetoric To develop a new technology with rhetoric strategy, a spokesman (lobbyist), argumentation ( conjure upments in texts), and audience (creating presentations /brochures) argon needed. 1.Firstly, to come clear the technology, definition of the umbrella term is earnd by engineers to the human beings. Now a technology in the rhetorical space can be defined in a single definition, it is mathematical to fake an index of the technology development over time. 2. Secondly, to attract public attention, relevant articles with the topics (argumentation) of this technology is published to make the technology popular. Behind these articles are authors who try to convince readership. they are spokesman or promise champions, who speak for a technology rather than for an organization or own interest. . Thirdly, audience is anformer(a) important pillar needed in the rhetorical space. To raise an audience, presentations are created. 4. Last but not least, to Interest the industry, public lecture is conducted by government or association of engineers. Because of such promotion, more industries will show interest in this technology. 3. Nexus connects Rhetoric to goods Issues As rhetoric is treated as the art in discourse, rhetoric is treated as the strategic science, in terms of technology.It is increasingly paramount for engineers to apply rhetoric to introduce, call and popularize the technology. At initial glance, engineers save serve their scientific enthusiasm, the ideal of wanting to develop new scientific possibilities and taking up technological challenges, rather than their personal or new(prenominal)s interests. It is sensitive and natu re to exaggerate the bright side or use the euphuism to describe their technologies for engineers. Since technologies consist of engineers beliefs, values and desire to change the world.Based on Kants theory, the everyday law would be read as follows Engineers can use the rhetoric to introduce, describe or popularize what they believe. It is quite acceptable that people can picture the promising in store(predicate) of what they believe. Therefore this behavior is morally correct. However, the consequences of applying rhetoric seem quite unpredictable. We will introduce the case study of solar technology at next chapter as an example to demonstrate that, although the rise of solar technology is establish on the good will of and technological enthusiasm of engineers and it riggers thousands of breakthrough in sustainable vitality technology, in that location are some certain influence and relevant consequences neglected by society. 4. casing StudySolar Energy Because of the ener gy crisis and environmental issue, the early development of solar technology started in 1860s 2. Simultaneously, the rhetoric was used to increase its popularity. In the following century, solar energy technology was promoted by being positioned as renewable, sustainable, and eco-friendly technology to mankind, relatively well spread over the global. anyway, it was argued that the operating and fiscal attributes of solar energy technology including modularity, flexibility and low operating be would be considerably superior to those for traditional fossil based technologies, which include with child(p) capital investments, long implementation hold times, operating apostrophize uncertainties and regarding future fuel personifys 2. It was described as the ideal substitutes for quick technologies. Figure 1 solar panels Due to the booming rhetorical strategy, large quantities of companies got knobbed in this field.Some business realized that renewable energy would be earnable to invest in. Other business realized that getting involved in solar energy technology would not only make money, but also benefit from the ethical way their business may be judged. They could win good reputation to create a fast(a) customer base by appearing to be ethic. Besides, governments provide state subsidies to support the development of solar energy in order to reckon the environmental issue and energy crisis in the future. All of these bring throughs push in advance the development of this green technology to the climax.Thus, the rhetoric provide has provided solar energy plenty of capital investment as well as policy support. However, the disadvantages of solar energy were neglected in the early phase of development. It isnt always as reliable as early(a) forms of power and tends to be expensive to install and maintain, because the devices rely on a steady add of sunlight to generate power. The equipment is not that efficient, typically converting practiced 10% to 18 % of the suns energy into electricity 3. On top of the toll of panels themselves, the cost of installing them varies greatly by location and climate.By most estimates, it takes at least six years for the initial costs to be repaid in saving from power generation under the best circumstances, and double that time under less ideal conditions 3. Besides, the batteries and safety serve as potential problems. Since it is impossible to generate solar power 24 hours a day, batteries are needed for most systems to store excess power for use at night and rainy days. Unfortunately, these batteries can be expensive and have a shorter lifespan than solar panels. The solar energy technology cannot perform as well as promised.In early 20th century, the solar markets tended to be double-dyed(a) on account that the market was not as big as expected. Many companies getting involved in went bankruptcy. The development of the green technology slowed down, and even stagnated. Many countries (includin g Germany, Spain, UK, China, etc. ) successively declared that the subsidies for solar energy will be cut down in order to agree the overinvestment in this field. Many graduates majoring in solar energy lose their trading because of the recession.Besides, the resources and funds of the whole society are limited, other substitutes like thermonuclear energy lose opportunities to be invested and developed when peoples attentions were all attracted by solar energy. Such unbalanced resource allocation caused by rhetorical strategy restrained the fair competition among alternative technologies. The real promising technology can hardly stand out or even be crowded out if the rhetorical strategy has been utilized by other competitors. 5. Methodology Moral problem-solving is a messy and compound process.A systematic approach force even be required to stay off the reduction of moral judgment to mere gut-feeling without any attempt to understand the moral problems or to justify ones act ions. The ethical cycle is a helpful tool in structuring and improving moral decisions, arduous to avoid certain shortcuts such as neglecting certain relevant features of problem 6. Figure 2 The ethical cycle Phase1. Moral problem financial statement The problem is that engineers popularize their technology, using rhetorical methods is morally acceptable or not.It is obviously that engineers are the decision-makers and the moral nature of the problem is engineers might be misled by their emotions their enthusiasm about a technology can lead them to overlook certain risks. All involved parties might be biased, and their emotions might reinforce those biases. Sunstein calls this probability neglect and argues that emotions are especially prone to let laypeople neglect probabilities 7. Phase2. Problem analysis Shareholders and their interests Shareholders Description InterestsEngineers Use rhetorical methods to introduce or propagate their own technology to audiences popularize techn ology, attract investment andvalue by society Audiences Listen to the speech of promising champions and convince by engineers transform the promising technology into social reality and take first move Promising champions Serve technology interest rather than every ones interest and highly believe in the future of the technology attract audiences attentions and promise the future of technology Counterparts Work in the same field of the rhetorical engineers and popularize their technologies based on data-based facts Popularize technology without applying extra strategic science Relevant, uncertain and possible missing facts Engineers use rhetoric to popularize technology should take the active responsibility before something has happened. They should act in such a way that undesired consequences are avoided as much as possible. However the consequences are always neglected by engineers based on their personal emotion. The consequences are not always harmless.The indirect harm to coun terparts, audiences and followers should take into account. Besides the question or disadvantages should be mentioned rather than neglected. Phase3. Options for actions Black-and-white strategy use rhetoric to popularize technology or popularizing technology based on empirical facts. Cooperation strategy Applying rhetoric on some extents to popularize technology. utilise rhetoric to describe or introduce technology, after considering the possible uncertainty and take every relevant shareholders into account. Furthermore, engineers should strike a balance amongst exaggerating the advantages and covering the disadvantages. Phase4. Ethical evaluation Formal moral frameworks UtilitarianismCost Benefit The other promising technologies have been ignored and marginalization. The particular technology attracts a green goddess of investment and attention. The idea of creativity is restricted in this field. Scientists and engineers operate a lot of research in this technology. The te chnology has been proved fail and muddled a lot of time, capital and resource The technology has been proved successful and promotes the welfare of society Overinvestment can lead to a disaster place in promising technology can lead to amazing profit Promising technology has influenced youngsters career choices Creating new direction for teenagers. Informal moral frameworks Intuitive framework In our opinions, the most acceptable and formulate argument should be that engineers should describe their technologies based on empirical facts and compete with the other engineers based on facts rather than rhetorical methods. Phase5. Reflection Criticism of utilitarianism The consequences cannot be foreseen objectively and often are unpredictable, unknown or uncertain. Next to this there is the problem of distribution justice. Distribution justice refers to the value of having a just distribution of certain important goods, like income, happiness and career. Answer the questions for form ulaThe ethical theory did not quantitative give answers to the result. However the cost applies for all potential technology and the benefit comes from on particular kind of technology, which means egoistic. So on this aspect, the ethical framework provide reasons that support our intuitive opinion- engineers should describe their technologies based on empirical facts and compete with the other engineers based on facts rather than rhetorical methods. Phase6. Moral acceptable action engineers should describe their technologies based on empirical facts and compete with the other engineers based on facts rather than rhetorical methods. 6. Conclusion This paper discussed the rhetoric used in scientific field.The seeming advantages of rhetoric strategy will undoubtedly attract large quantity of investment and public attention, leading to however development of the technology. However, the potential ethical problems can be serious and cannot be neglected. Due to the case study and ethic al cycle analysis, our view is that the engineers should popularize their technologies based on facts rather than rhetorical strategy, so that the real promising technology can stand out. Reference 1. H. Van Lente& A. parentage (1998). The rise of membrane technology From rhetorical space to social reality. sociable Studies of science 28(2) 221-254 2. Cedric Philibert. THE PRESENT AND FUTURE USE OF SOLAR THERMAL nothing AS A PRIMARY SOURCE OF ENERGY. The InterAcademy Council. 3.What Are the Disadvantages of Solar mightiness? http//www. wisegeek. com/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-solar-power. htm 4. Corbett, E. P. J. (1990). Classical rhetoric for the modern student. New York Oxford University Press. p. 1. Young, R. E. , Becker, A. L. , & Pike, K. L. (1970). 5. Aristotle. Rhetoric. (trans. W. Rhys Roberts). I41359 http//rhetoric. eserver. org/aristotle/rhet1-4. html 6. Ibo van de Poel and Lamber Royakkers. Ethics, Technology and Engineering. WILEY-BLACKWELL 7. Sabine Roeser. The role of emotions in adjudicate the moral acceptability of risks. Philosophy Department, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology